On June 17, a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) was signed by Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian and Donald Trump. It extends the April ceasefire for at least sixty days — with the possibility of extension — and provides a framework for negotiations to end the U.S.-Israel war on Iran. Though this is not a peace treaty, it represents a big retreat from Trump’s demand that Iran surrender unconditionally when he began the war on February 28. He started the war with the murder of Iran’s supreme leader, Seyyed Ali Khamenei, and other leaders. If Iran had knuckled under, it would have fallen under U.S. government control.